About the sources
The project's data comes mainly from Broughton's Magistrates of the Roman Republic (MRR). I also use the Digital Prosopography of the Roman Republic (DPRR) to verify and double check. These two works cite and use many ancient sources which I am listing below. The list is a work in progress (some links may not work correctly) as of 21 Nov 2025.
Select column:
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|
Description
|
D. of comp.
|
Earl. mss
|
Online
|
Book ver.
|
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|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Ammianus Marcellinus |
Res Gestae
|
Amm. Marc. |
3 | None | — | — | ||
| Appian |
Syrian Wars
|
App. Syr. |
Wars with the Seleucid monarchy over the eastern Mediterranean. | 1 | 150 CE–165 CE | LacusCurtius |
Loeb: *Appian, Roman History*. Penguin: *The Civil Wars* (Fear).
|
|
| Appian |
Civil Wars
|
App. BC |
Narrative of Rome’s civil wars from Gracchi to Actium. | 127 | 150 CE–165 CE | LacusCurtius |
Loeb: *Appian, Roman History*. Penguin: *The Civil Wars* (Fear).
|
|
| Appian |
Sicilian Wars
|
App. Sic. |
Conflicts on Sicily, including servile and Carthaginian wars. | 2 | 150 CE–165 CE | LacusCurtius |
Loeb: *Appian, Roman History*. Penguin: *The Civil Wars* (Fear).
|
|
| Appian |
Punic Wars
|
App. Pun. |
The three wars fought against Carthage. | 1 | 150 CE–165 CE | LacusCurtius |
Loeb: *Appian, Roman History*. Penguin: *The Civil Wars* (Fear).
|
|
| Appian |
Mithridatic Wars
|
App. Mith. |
Rome’s wars against Mithridates VI of Pontus. | 7 | 150 CE–165 CE | LacusCurtius |
Loeb: *Appian, Roman History*. Penguin: *The Civil Wars* (Fear).
|
|
| Appian |
Illyrian Wars
|
App. Illyr. |
Campaigns and Roman expansion in the western Balkans. | 2 | 150 CE–165 CE | LacusCurtius |
Loeb: *Appian, Roman History*. Penguin: *The Civil Wars* (Fear).
|
|
| Asconius |
Commentaries
|
Ascon. |
94 | None | — | — | ||
| Augustine of Hippo |
City of God
|
Augustin. |
Christian apologetic after the sack of Rome. | 5 | 413 CE–426 CE | Late antique manuscripts; 5th–6th c. | Perseus |
Oxford/Penguin: *City of God*.
|
| Aulus Gellius |
Noctes Atticae (Attic Nights)
|
Gell. |
Miscellany of literary, antiquarian, and grammatical notes. | 12 | 165 CE–180 CE | Medieval copies; 9th c. | LacusCurtius |
Loeb: *Attic Nights*.
|
| Caesar |
Bellum Gallicum (Gallic War)
|
Caes. BG |
Caesar’s account of campaigns in Gaul. | 8 | 58 BCE–50 BCE | Carolingian tradition; 9th c. | LacusCurtius |
Loeb: *Gallic War*
*Civil War*. Penguin: *The Conquest of Gaul*.
|
| Caesar |
Bellum Civile (Civil War)
|
Caes. BC |
Caesar’s narrative of the war against Pompey. | 24 | 49 BCE–45 BCE | Carolingian tradition; 9th c. | LacusCurtius |
Loeb: *Gallic War*
*Civil War*. Penguin: *The Conquest of Gaul*.
|
| Cassius Dio |
Roman History
|
Dio |
Eighty-book history of Rome down to the Severans. | 215 | 200 CE–230 CE | Byzantine epitomes; Xiphilinus (11th c.). | LacusCurtius |
Loeb selections: *Roman History*.
|
| Cicero |
Pro Caelio
|
Cic. Cael. |
Defense of M. Caelius Rufus on public order charges. | 4 | 56 BCE | Medieval copies; 9th c. | — |
Loeb speeches/letters
Penguin/Oxford selections.
|
| Cicero |
Pro Cluentio
|
Cic. Cluent. |
Defense in a complex poisoning case. | 11 | 66 BCE | Medieval copies; 9th c. | — |
Loeb speeches/letters
Penguin/Oxford selections.
|
| Cicero |
Pro Flacco
|
Cic. Flacc. |
Defense of C. Valerius Flaccus for extortion. | 9 | 59 BCE | Medieval copies; 9th c. | — |
Loeb speeches/letters
Penguin/Oxford selections.
|
| Cicero |
Pro Milone
|
Cic. Mil. |
5 | None | — |
Loeb speeches/letters
Penguin/Oxford selections.
|
||
| Cicero |
Pro Murena
|
Cic. Mur. |
Defense of L. Murena on ambitus charges. | 10 | 63 BCE | Medieval copies; 9th c. | — |
Loeb speeches/letters
Penguin/Oxford selections.
|
| Cicero |
Pro Plancio
|
Cic. Planc. |
Defense of electoral bribery charges against Cn. Plancius. | 14 | 54 BCE | Medieval copies; 9th c. | — |
Loeb speeches/letters
Penguin/Oxford selections.
|
| Cicero |
Pro Rege Deiotaro
|
Cic. Deiot. |
Defense of King Deiotarus before Caesar. | 1 | 45 BCE | Medieval copies; 9th c. | — |
Loeb speeches/letters
Penguin/Oxford selections.
|
| Cicero |
Pro Sulla
|
Cic. Sull. |
5 | None | — |
Loeb speeches/letters
Penguin/Oxford selections.
|
||
| Cicero |
Pro Sestio
|
Cic. Sest. |
Defense of P. Sestius over political violence. | 9 | 56 BCE | Medieval copies; 9th c. | — |
Loeb speeches/letters
Penguin/Oxford selections.
|
| Cicero |
In Verrem (Against Verres)
|
Cic. Verr. |
Prosecution speeches on provincial extortion. | 46 | 70 BCE | Medieval copies; 9th c. | — |
Loeb speeches/letters
Penguin/Oxford selections.
|
| Cicero |
Academica
|
Cic. Acad. |
Philosophical dialogues on Academic scepticism. | 2 | 45 BCE | Medieval copies; 9th c. | — |
Loeb speeches/letters
Penguin/Oxford selections.
|
| Cicero |
Brutus
|
Cic. Brut. |
Dialogue on Roman oratory. | 19 | 46 BCE | Medieval copies; 9th c. | — |
Loeb speeches/letters
Penguin/Oxford selections.
|
| Cicero |
De Domo Sua
|
Cic. Dom. |
Defense of property rights after recall from exile. | 9 | 57 BCE | Medieval copies; 9th c. | — |
Loeb speeches/letters
Penguin/Oxford selections.
|
| Cicero |
De Haruspicum Responsis
|
Cic. Har. |
Speech on prodigies and policy during unrest. | 6 | 56 BCE | Medieval copies; 9th c. | — |
Loeb speeches/letters
Penguin/Oxford selections.
|
| Cicero |
De Legibus
|
Cic. Leg. |
Dialogue outlining an ideal legal-constitutional order. | 14 | 52 BCE–51 BCE | Medieval copies; 9th c. | — |
Loeb speeches/letters
Penguin/Oxford selections.
|
| Cicero |
De Officiis
|
Cic. Off. |
Ethical handbook on duty, addressed to his son. | 5 | 44 BCE | Medieval copies; 9th c. | — |
Loeb speeches/letters
Penguin/Oxford selections.
|
| Cicero |
De Provinciis Consularibus
|
Cic. Prov. Cons. |
2 | None | — |
Loeb speeches/letters
Penguin/Oxford selections.
|
||
| Cicero |
In Catilinam
|
Cic. Cat. |
Four speeches against Catiline’s conspiracy. | 11 | 63 BCE | Medieval copies; 9th c. | — |
Loeb speeches/letters
Penguin/Oxford selections.
|
| Cicero |
Letters to Atticus
|
Cic. Att. |
Private correspondence with Atticus on politics and daily life. | 136 | 68 BCE–44 BCE | Medieval copies; 9th c. | — |
Loeb speeches/letters
Penguin/Oxford selections.
|
| Cicero |
Letters to Friends (Ad Familiares)
|
Cic. Fam. |
Letters to various recipients across Cicero’s career. | 98 | 62 BCE–43 BCE | Medieval copies; 9th c. | — |
Loeb speeches/letters
Penguin/Oxford selections.
|
| Cicero |
Pro Balbo
|
Cic. Balb. |
5 | None | — |
Loeb speeches/letters
Penguin/Oxford selections.
|
||
| Cornelius Nepos |
Lives
|
Nep. |
Biographies of foreign and Roman commanders. | 2 | 44 BCE–34 BCE | Medieval copies; 9th c. | Perseus |
Loeb: *Lives of Eminent Commanders*.
|
| Dionysius of Halicarnassus |
Roman Antiquities
|
Dion. Hal. |
Early Roman history in Greek prose. | 2 | 29 BCE–7 BCE | Byzantine Greek tradition; 10th c. | LacusCurtius |
Loeb: *Roman Antiquities*.
|
| Festus |
De verborum significatu
|
Fest. |
2 | None | — | — | ||
| Florus |
Epitome of Roman History
|
Flor. |
Abridged Roman history in two books. | 50 | 110 CE–140 CE | Medieval copies; 9th c. | LacusCurtius |
Loeb: *Florus*.
|
| Josephus |
Antiquities of the Jews
|
Joseph. |
Jewish history from creation to the first century CE. | 14 | 93 CE–94 CE | Greek medieval manuscripts; 10th–11th c. | Perseus |
Loeb: *Jewish Antiquities*. Penguin selections.
|
| Livy |
Ab Urbe Condita (History of Rome)
|
Livy |
1 | None | Perseus | — | ||
| Paulus Orosius |
Historiarum adversus paganos
|
Oros. |
Christian universal history written against pagans. | 53 | 417 CE–418 CE | Early medieval manuscripts; 6th–7th c. | Attalus |
Liverpool: *Seven Books against the Pagans*.
|
| Pliny the Elder |
Naturalis Historia (Natural History)
|
Plin. NH |
Encyclopaedic survey of nature, art, and lore. | 58 | 77 CE–79 CE | Earliest surviving copies from 5th c. | LacusCurtius |
Loeb: *Natural History*.
|
| Pliny the Younger |
Epistulae (Letters)
|
Plin. Ep. |
Personal letters including correspondence with Trajan. | 2 | 97 CE–109 CE | Medieval copies; 9th c. | Perseus |
Loeb: *Letters*. Penguin: *Letters*.
|
| Plutarch |
Life of Sulla
|
Plut. Sull. |
Biography in the Parallel Lives. | 14 | 96 CE–120 CE | Greek medieval manuscripts; 10th–11th c. | LacusCurtius |
Loeb: *Lives*. Penguin: *Fall of the Roman Republic*.
|
| Plutarch |
Roman Questions (Quaestiones Romanae)
|
Plut. RQ |
Antiquarian notes on Roman customs. | 1 | 100 CE–120 CE | Greek Moralia tradition; 10th–11th c. | LacusCurtius |
Loeb: *Lives*. Penguin: *Fall of the Roman Republic*.
|
| Plutarch |
Parallel Lives
|
Plut. Lives |
33 | None | — |
Loeb: *Lives*. Penguin: *Fall of the Roman Republic*.
|
||
| Plutarch |
Life of Antony
|
Plut. Ant. |
Biography in the Parallel Lives. | 9 | 96 CE–120 CE | Greek medieval manuscripts; 10th–11th c. | LacusCurtius |
Loeb: *Lives*. Penguin: *Fall of the Roman Republic*.
|
| Plutarch |
Life of Brutus
|
Plut. Brut. |
Biography in the Parallel Lives. | 13 | 96 CE–120 CE | Greek medieval manuscripts; 10th–11th c. | LacusCurtius |
Loeb: *Lives*. Penguin: *Fall of the Roman Republic*.
|
| Plutarch |
Life of Caesar
|
Plut. Caes. |
Biography in the Parallel Lives. | 27 | 96 CE–120 CE | Greek medieval manuscripts; 10th–11th c. | LacusCurtius |
Loeb: *Lives*. Penguin: *Fall of the Roman Republic*.
|
| Plutarch |
Life of Cato Minor
|
Plut. Cat. Min. |
Life of Cato the Younger. | 17 | 96 CE–120 CE | Greek medieval manuscripts; 10th–11th c. | LacusCurtius |
Loeb: *Lives*. Penguin: *Fall of the Roman Republic*.
|
| Plutarch |
Life of Cicero
|
Plut. Cic. |
Biography in the Parallel Lives. | 28 | 96 CE–120 CE | Greek medieval manuscripts; 10th–11th c. | LacusCurtius |
Loeb: *Lives*. Penguin: *Fall of the Roman Republic*.
|
| Plutarch |
Life of Crassus
|
Plut. Crass. |
Biography in the Parallel Lives. | 10 | 96 CE–120 CE | Greek medieval manuscripts; 10th–11th c. | LacusCurtius |
Loeb: *Lives*. Penguin: *Fall of the Roman Republic*.
|
| Plutarch |
Life of Sertorius
|
Plut. Sert. |
Biography in the Parallel Lives. | 5 | 96 CE–120 CE | Greek medieval manuscripts; 10th–11th c. | LacusCurtius |
Loeb: *Lives*. Penguin: *Fall of the Roman Republic*.
|
| Plutarch |
Life of Pompey
|
Plut. Pomp. |
Biography in the Parallel Lives. | 29 | 96 CE–120 CE | Greek medieval manuscripts; 10th–11th c. | LacusCurtius |
Loeb: *Lives*. Penguin: *Fall of the Roman Republic*.
|
| [Pseudo]-Caesar |
Bellum Alexandrinum
|
Bell. Alex. |
6 | None | — | — | ||
| [Pseudo]-Caesar |
Bellum Africum
|
Bell. Afr. |
4 | None | — | — | ||
| [Pseudo]-Caesar |
Bellum Hispaniense
|
Bell. Hisp. |
1 | None | — | — | ||
| Sallust |
Epistulae ad Caesarem
|
Sall. Ad Caes. |
5 | None | — |
Loeb: *Sallust*. Penguin: *Jugurthine War & Catiline*.
|
||
| Sallust |
Histories
|
Sall. Hist. |
Fragmentary annalistic history of 78–67 BCE. | 51 | 39 BCE–35 BCE | Fragment tradition; 9th c. | LacusCurtius |
Loeb: *Sallust*. Penguin: *Jugurthine War & Catiline*.
|
| Sallust |
Bellum Catilinae (Catiline's Conspiracy)
|
Sall. Cat. |
Monograph on Catiline’s conspiracy. | 22 | 42 BCE–41 BCE | Medieval copies; 9th c. | LacusCurtius |
Loeb: *Sallust*. Penguin: *Jugurthine War & Catiline*.
|
| Suetonius |
Vitellius
|
Suet. Vit. |
2 | None | LacusCurtius |
Loeb: *Twelve Caesars*. Penguin: Graves trans.
|
||
| Suetonius |
Nero
|
Suet. Ner. |
3 | None | LacusCurtius |
Loeb: *Twelve Caesars*. Penguin: Graves trans.
|
||
| Suetonius |
Divus Julius (Life of Julius Caesar)
|
Suet. Iul. |
Biography within Twelve Caesars. | 44 | 119 CE–121 CE | Oldest extant MS (Tours) c. 820. | LacusCurtius |
Loeb: *Twelve Caesars*. Penguin: Graves trans.
|
| Suetonius |
Divus Augustus (Life of Augustus)
|
Suet. Aug. |
Biography within Twelve Caesars. | 18 | 119 CE–121 CE | Oldest extant MS (Tours) c. 820. | LacusCurtius |
Loeb: *Twelve Caesars*. Penguin: Graves trans.
|
| Suetonius |
Tiberius
|
Suet. Tib. |
3 | None | LacusCurtius |
Loeb: *Twelve Caesars*. Penguin: Graves trans.
|
||
| Tacitus |
Annals
|
Tac. Ann. |
12 | None | LacusCurtius | — | ||
| Tacitus |
Dialogus de oratoribus
|
Tac. Dial. |
3 | None | Perseus | — | ||
| Tacitus |
Histories
|
Tac. Hist. |
4 | None | LacusCurtius | — | ||
| Valerius Maximus |
Factorum ac Dictorum Memorabilium
|
Val. Max. |
Anecdotes for moral illustration. | 66 | 30 CE–31 CE | Medieval copies; 9th c. | Perseus |
Loeb: *Memorable Doings and Sayings*.
|
| Varro |
De Re Rustica
|
Varro RR |
Treatise on agriculture and estate management. | 4 | 37 BCE | Medieval copies; 9th c. | LacusCurtius |
Loeb: *On the Latin Language*
*On Agriculture*.
|
| Zonaras |
Epitome Historiarum
|
Zonar. |
Byzantine epitome summarizing earlier Roman histories. | 17 | 1118 CE–1140 CE | Byzantine manuscripts; 12th c. | Perseus |
Byzantine historians (context).
|